Course Content
A. Identifying Story Elements
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A.01. Recognize and name the basic parts of a story.
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A.02. Identify the main characters in a story.
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A.03. Identify the setting of a story.
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A.04. Understand the problem in a story.
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A.05. Recognize the solution or resolution of a story.
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A.06. Describe the beginning, middle, and end of a story.
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A.07. Sequence the main events in a story.
B. Understanding Parts of Speech
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B.01. Identify nouns in a sentence.
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B.02. Recognize action verbs within a sentence.
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B.03. Distinguish adjectives and adverbs in sentences.
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B.04. Define and identify pronouns within a given sentence.
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B.05. Recognize and use prepositions in sentences.
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B.06. Distinguish coordinating from subordinating conjunctions in sentences.
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B.07. Determine the function of different parts of speech in context.
C. Determining Word Meaning
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C.01. Identify synonyms for common words.
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C.02. Identify antonyms for common words.
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C.03. Use context clues to determine the meaning of unknown words.
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C.04. Identify homophones and use them correctly.
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C.05. Distinguish between multiple meanings of a word.
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C.06. Describe the subtle differences in meaning between related words.
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C.07. Recognize words with positive and negative connotations.
D. Vocabulary Building: Prefixes, Suffixes, and Roots
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D.01. Identify base words, prefixes, and suffixes in a word.
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D.02. Determine the meaning of a word with pre-, re-, or mis-.
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D.03. Form new words using the prefixes pre-, re-, and mis-.
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D.04. Determine the meaning of a word with -ful or -less.
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D.05. Determine the meaning of a word with -ly or -ness.
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D.06. Determine the meaning of a word with -able or -ment.
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D.07. Review: Determine the meaning of a word with a suffix.
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D.08. Review: Determine the meanings of words with prefixes and suffixes.
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D.09. Sort words by shared Greek or Latin roots.
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D.10. Use Greek and Latin roots as clues to the meanings of words.
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D.11. Use the meanings of words as clues to the meanings of Greek and Latin roots.
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D.12. Determine the meanings of Greek and Latin roots.
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D.13. Determine the meanings of words with Greek and Latin roots.
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D.14. Match words with Greek and Latin roots to their meanings.
E. Understanding Sentence Structure
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E.01. Identify the complete subject of a sentence.
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E.02. Identify the complete predicate of a sentence.
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E.03. Identify the simple subject or predicate of a sentence.
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E.04. Determine if a group of words is a complete sentence or a fragment.
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E.05. Determine if a group of words is a complete sentence or a run-on.
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E.06. Identify declarative, interrogative, imperative, and exclamatory sentences.
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E.07. Distinguish between simple and compound sentences.
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E.08. Rearrange words to form a grammatically correct sentence.
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E.09. Combine simple sentences to form compound sentences.
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E.10. Correct fragments and run-on sentences by adding or removing words and punctuation.
F. Using Nouns Correctly
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F.11. Identify and correct errors in the use of plural and possessive nouns.
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F.12. Differentiate between countable and uncountable nouns and use them correctly.
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F.01. Identify nouns, including abstract nouns, in a sentence.
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F.02. Distinguish between common and proper nouns.
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F.03. Form regular plural nouns using -s, -es, and -ies.
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F.04. Use regular plural nouns correctly in sentences.
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F.05. Form regular plurals with -s, -es, -ies and -ves.
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F.06. Use regular plurals with -s, -es, -ies and -ves
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F.07. Determine whether a noun is singular or plural.
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F.08. Form and use irregular plural nouns.
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F.09. Identify plural, singular possessive, and plural possessive nouns.
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F.10. Form singular and plural possessive nouns.
G. Mastering Verb Tenses
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G.01. Recognize action verbs in sentences.
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G.02. Identify main verbs and helping verbs in sentences.
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G.03. Identify verbs in the regular past tense.
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G.04. Form and use the regular past tense of verbs.
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G.05. Identify irregular verbs in the past tense.
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G.06. Form and use the irregular past tense: set 1
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G.07. Form and use the irregular past tense: set 2
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G.08. Form and use the irregular past tense: set 3
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G.09. Form and use the irregular past tense: set 4
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G.10. Use the correct form of “to be” (am, is, are, was, were).
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G.11. Use the correct form of “to have” (has, have, had).
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G.12. Determine if a sentence is in the past, present, or future tense.
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G.13. Change a sentence from present to future tense.
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G.14. Use the progressive verb tenses (is walking, was walking).
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G.15. Form the progressive verb tenses.
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G.16. Choose between the past tense and past participle.
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G.17. Use the perfect verb tenses (has walked, had walked).
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G.18. Form the perfect verb tenses.
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G.19. Understand and correctly apply verb conjugations in different tenses.
H. Using Pronouns Effectively
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H.01. Identify personal pronouns (I, me, you, he, him, she, her, it, we, us, they, them).
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H.02. Choose between subject and object personal pronouns.
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H.03. Replace nouns with appropriate personal pronouns.
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H.04. Use compound subjects and objects with ‘I’ and ‘me’.
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H.05. Identify possessive pronouns (mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs).
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H.06. Use possessive pronouns correctly.
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H.07. Choose between personal and reflexive pronouns (myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves).
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H.08. Use reflexive pronouns correctly.
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H.09. Identify relative pronouns (who, whom, whose, which, that).
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H.10. Use relative pronouns: who and whom.
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H.11. Use relative pronouns: who, whom, whose, which and that.
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H.12. Differentiate between demonstrative and indefinite pronouns in context.
I. Reading Comprehension: Main Idea and Theme
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I.01. Use key details to determine the main idea of a paragraph.
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I.02. Determine the main idea of a passage.
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I.03. Combine main ideas from two texts.
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I.04. Identify the themes of myths, fables, and folktales.
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I.05. Summarize the main points of informational texts.
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I.06. Compare and contrast different themes across various texts.
J. Text Structure and Author’s Purpose
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J.01. Determine the order of events in informational texts.
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J.02. Compare and contrast information presented in texts.
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J.03. Match causes and effects in informational texts.
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J.04. Match problems with their solutions in a text.
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J.05. Identify different text structures (e.g., sequence, description, cause and effect).
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J.06. Identify the author’s purpose in writing a text (e.g., to inform, to persuade, to entertain).
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J.07. Analyze how the text structure contributes to the author’s purpose.
K. Literary Devices and Sensory Details
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K.01. Identify similes and metaphors in texts.
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K.02. Determine the meanings of similes and metaphors.
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K.03. Analyse the effects of figures of speech on meaning and tone.
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K.04. Sort sensory details (sight, sound, smell, taste, touch) in descriptive writing.
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K.05. Explain how sensory details enhance a story or poem.
L. Understanding Point of View and Inference
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L.01. Distinguish between different points of view (first person, third person limited, third person omniscient).
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L.02. Use actions and dialogue to understand characters’ motivations.
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L.03. Compare and contrast characters’ traits and actions.
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L.04. Draw inferences from a text based on evidence.
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L.05. Make predictions about a story based on prior knowledge and textual clues.
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L.06. Analyze how point of view affects the reader’s understanding of a story.
M. Writing Strategies: Organization and Development
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M.01. Put sentences in a logical order to form a coherent paragraph.
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M.02. Order items from most general to most specific in a text.
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M.03. Organise information by topic to create clear writing.
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M.04. Remove sentences that do not belong in a paragraph.
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M.05. Choose the best topic sentence for a paragraph.
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M.06. Choose the best concluding sentence for a paragraph.
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M.07. Use time-order words (first, next, then, last) to show sequence.
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M.08. Use coordinating conjunctions (and, but, or, so) to connect ideas.
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M.09. Use subordinating conjunctions (because, if, when, although) to show relationships between ideas.
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M.10. Choose the best transition words to connect sentences and paragraphs smoothly.
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M.11. Develop a clear thesis statement for an essay.
N. Argumentative Writing and Supporting Details
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N.01. Distinguish between facts and opinions.
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N.02. Identify an author’s statement of opinion in a text.
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N.03. Choose reasons to support an opinion in an argument.
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N.04. Identify supporting details in literary texts.
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N.05. Identify supporting details in informational texts.
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N.06. Identify and avoid plagiarism in writing.
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N.07. Research and cite sources to support arguments effectively.
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N.08. Refute counterarguments using evidence and reasoning.
O. Descriptive Writing and Vocabulary Enrichment
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O.01. Show character emotions and traits through descriptive writing.
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O.02. Revise sentences by using stronger, more vivid verbs.
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O.03. Use descriptive details to create a strong sense of setting in writing.
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O.04. Incorporate figurative language to enhance descriptive writing.
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O.05. Expand vocabulary by learning new words related to specific topics.
P. Formatting and Mechanics: Letters and Titles
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P.01. Use correct greetings and closings in formal and informal letters.
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P.02. Capitalise titles of people (e.g., Mr., Ms., Dr.) correctly.
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P.03. Format titles of books, movies, and songs correctly (e.g., using italics or quotation marks).
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P.04. Capitalise titles of books, movies, songs and other creative works.
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P.05. Apply consistent formatting and capitalization to all titles in a document.
Q. Capitalization Rules
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Q.01. Capitalise the names of people, pets, and titles of respect.
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Q.02. Capitalise days of the week, months of the year, and holidays.
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Q.03. Capitalise the names of places and geographic features.
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Q.04. Capitalise proper adjectives, nationalities, and languages.
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Q.05. Apply capitalization rules for the beginning of sentences and proper nouns.
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Q.06. Review and correct errors in capitalization within various types of writing.
R. Punctuating Sentences Correctly
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R.01. Use commas with direct addresses and after introductory words.
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R.02. Identify and use commas in a series of three or more items.
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R.03. Understand and apply rules for using commas to separate independent clauses.
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R.04. Use commas to set off nonessential information within a sentence.
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R.05. Apply punctuation rules to enhance clarity and coherence in writing.
S. Articles and Adjectives
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S.01. Use the correct article: a or an.
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S.02. Use the correct article: a, an or the.
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S.03. Identify articles in sentences.
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S.04. Does the adjective tell you what kind or how many?
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S.05. Identify the adjective that describes the noun.
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S.06. Identify adjectives in sentences.
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S.07. Correctly order adjectives in a sentence.
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S.08. Apply the correct articles and adjectives to improve sentence clarity.
T. Adverbs, Prepositions and Conjunctions
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T.01. Does the adverb tell you how, when or where?
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T.02. Identify adverbs in sentences.
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T.03. Use relative adverbs.
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T.04. Choose between adjectives and adverbs.
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T.05. Determine whether a word is functioning as an adjective or adverb.
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T.06. Use adverbs to compare.
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T.07. Spell adjectives that compare.
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T.08. Use adjectives with more and most.
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T.09. Use adjectives to compare.
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T.10. Identify prepositions in sentences.
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T.11. Identify prepositions and their objects.
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T.12. Identify prepositional phrases.
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T.13. Review prepositions.
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T.14. Identify coordinating conjunctions.
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T.15. Identify subordinating conjunctions.
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T.16. Correctly use adverbs, prepositions, and conjunctions to improve sentence structure and meaning.
U. Using Contractions Correctly
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U.01. Form and use pronoun-verb contractions (e.g., I’m, you’re, he’s).
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U.02. Form and use contractions with “not” (e.g., isn’t, aren’t, don’t).
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U.03. Differentiate between similar-sounding contractions and their expanded forms.
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U.04. Apply contractions to make writing more conversational.
V. Literary Texts: Level 1
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V.01. Read fantasy stories with illustrations and understand the plot.
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V.02. Read realistic fiction stories with illustrations and identify the characters.
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V.03. Read science fiction stories with illustrations and comprehend the setting.
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V.04. Analyze the use of illustrations in enhancing comprehension of literary texts.
W. Literary Texts: Level 2
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W.01. Read realistic fiction and identify the main conflict.
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W.02. Read historical fiction and understand the historical context.
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W.03. Read poetry and identify different poetic devices.
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W.04. Read drama and understand the structure of a play.
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W.05. Compare and contrast different genres of literary texts.
X. Informational Texts: Level 1
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X.01. Read about animals and understand their habitats and behaviors.
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X.02. Read about art, music, and traditions and learn about different cultures.
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X.03. Read about famous places and understand their significance.
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X.04. Read about sports and hobbies and comprehend the rules and techniques.
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X.05. Summarize the main points from informational texts on various topics.
Y. Informational Texts: Level 2
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Y.01. Read about famous people and understand their contributions.
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Y.02. Read about business and technology and learn about innovations.
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Y.03. Read about science and nature and understand scientific concepts.
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Y.04. Read about history and understand historical events.
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Y.05. Analyze the structure and organization of complex informational texts.
Z. Compound words
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Z.01. Form compound words by combining two words.
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Z.02. Form and use compound words in sentences.
AA. Reference skills
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AA.01. Order words alphabetically based on the first letter.
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AA.02. Order words alphabetically based on the first two letters.
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AA.03. Order words alphabetically based on the first three letters.
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AA.04. Challenge: Order words alphabetically.
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AA.05. Use guide words in dictionaries and other reference materials.
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AA.06. Use dictionary entries to find definitions, pronunciations, and parts of speech.
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AA.07. Use dictionary definitions to understand the meaning of words.
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AA.08. Use thesaurus entries to find synonyms and antonyms.
BB. Organising writing
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BB.01. Organise information by topic.
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BB.02. Create an outline before writing an essay or report.